Machine for making saws.



PATENTED DEG.8, 19,03.

A. H. CRUSE. MACHINE FOR MAKING SAWS.

APPLIUATION FILE'D SEPT. 26. 1901.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

PATBNTBD DEG. 8, 1903.

A. H. CRUSH. MACHINE FOR 'MAKING SAWS;

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.- 26. 1901.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2. I

N0 MODEL.

ill..

PATENTED DEC. 8, 1903.

A. H. CRUSE.. MACHINE FOR MAKING SAWS.

APPLUATION FILED SBPTZG. 1901.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N0 MODEL.

.I HNHHHHHHHHNIIJHHH PTENTED DEC. 8, 19037. A. H. CRUSE.

MACHINE POR MAKING SAWS.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 26. 1901.

4 SHEETSI-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

IIIIIIIIIIIIII.. 'IIIIILVT UNITED STATES Patented December 8,1903. l

PATENT OFFICE.

AMANDUS H. OR-USE, or1 NEWYORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT HOE, OE NEWYORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR MAKING sAws.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 746,297, dated. December8, 1903. Application filed Septemher'Z, 1901.. Serial No.- 76.591. (Nomodel.)

In making saws which employ insertedv `Ieeth the rims of the sockets inwhich the teeth are inserted are beveled on both sides to providebearings for the shanks which lock the teeth in position In the machinesheretofore usually employed for beveling the sockets the saw is clampedto. a horizontal table and each of the sockets is subjected in zosuccession to the action of a vertical cutter, which' is perpendiculartothe side of the saw Azand which produces the required bevel on one sideof the rim of the socket. When the rim of each socket has been beveledon one side, the saw is turned over and the opposite side of the rim ofeach socket is similarly beveled. In forming these bevels the greatestaccuracy is necessary, the machines usually being required to workwithin a thougo sandt-h part of an inch. It is frequently necessary,therefore, to subject one or more of the sockets to the action of thecutter four or live times, irst on one side and then on the other, inorder that the bevel may be formed with that absolute accuracy which isnecessary. The operation of forming these sockets is therefore slow andis expensive.

.The present invention has for its object tov produce an improvedmachine in which the 4o bevels on both sides of the rim of each socketmay be formed simultaneously.

A further object of the invention is to prO-,

duce a machine in which the bevels-on both sides of the rim of thesocket may be formed.

` simultaneously and in which the position of ably strengthened b v anut 7.

ting devices which are staggered with relation to each otherare employedto eiect the cutting. 1 x A further objectof the invention is toproducean improved clamping device for use 4 with machines for bevelingthe rims of sockets.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in certainconstructions and Ain certain parts, improvements, and 6o combinations,as Will be hereinafter fully described and then specifically pointed outin the claims hereunto appended.

In the accompany-ing drawings, which Iform a part of this specification,and in which like characters4 of'fret'erence indicate the same parts,Figure lis a front elevation, partly in section, of a machine embodyingthe inven' tion. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view on the line l 2 2 ofFig. l. Fig. 3 is a detail section on the 7o line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4is an enlarged detail view of the clamping device. Fig. 5 is a sectionaldetail view illustrating the mechanism for operating the clampingdevice. Fig. 6 is an Aenlarged sectional detail showing 75 theconstruction ot' the cutter-head and certain means for operating it.Figs. 7 and 8 are side andfront elevations, respectively, of theclampingplate employed. Fig. 9 is a delailview illustrating the beveledsocket of 8o 'asaw, the bevels ofwhich themachine is de l signed toform.

Referring to the-drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of theinvention, l indicates the frame of the machine, which may be of A anydesired form of construction, and the machine-employs twocutti'ngdevices, which may lbe widely varied in construction. As shown,

`these cutting devices vcomprise two cutter-A l heads 2 and 3. Each ofthe cutter-heads will 99 be provided with a plurality of cutting-knives,

which may be varied in number. As shown,

each cutter-head is provided with four knives,

the knives on the cutter-head 2 being marked 4 and the knives on thecutter-head 3 being9'5 marked 5. These cu-tter'heads may be driven inany suitable manner. As shown, thehead 3 (see Fig. is screwed into aconicalsocketin a spindle 6, the end of the socket being prefer-Siniilarly the loo cutter-head 2 is mounted on a spindle 8, the detailsof construction being the same as those illustrated for the cutter-head3. The spindle 6 has a bearing in a sleeve 9, which is suitablysupported in the frame, and the spindle 8 has a bearing in a similarsleeve 10, the outer ends of these spindles being supported in brackets11 and 12, suitably secured to the frame.

The spindles 6 and 8 may be driven in any suitable manuel'. As shown,the spindle 6 is provided with a bevel-gear 13, which is secured to thespindle by means of a feather, so that the spindle may have a lengthwisemovement with respect to the gear. This gear 13 is suitably supported inthe frame, a bushing 14 being provided for this purpose, and is drivenby means of a bevel-gear 15, which is secured to a shaft 16, which issuitably supported iu bearings in the frame 1. This shaft 16 is provided`with a bevel-gear 17, which is in turn driven by a bevel-gear 18 on themain drivingshaft 19. The connection between the gear 18 and the shaftl9`is preferably formed by means of a clutch-collar 20, the purpose ofwhich will be hereinafter stated. y

The driving mechanism for the spindle 8 is similar to that for thespindle 6. This spindle is provided with a bevel-gear 21, which mesheswith a similar gear 22, mounted on a shaft 23, which is suitablysupported in the frame.A This shaft 23 is provided withabevelgear 24,which meshes with a similar gear 25 on the main shaft 19.

The main shaft may be driven in any suitable or desired manner, but isshown as provided with a series of belt-pulleys 26, of varying diameter,in order that the speed of the machine may beincreased or decreased, asdesired.

Referring to Fig. 9, which is a sectional view of a part of the saw S,illustrating one of the sockets, it will be seen that the socket isprovided with bevels 27 28, the machine being designed to cut thesebevels. It will be seen that the bevels form an angle which is more orless acute, and it Will be readily understood that the cutters usuallyemployed in cutting the lbevels will be wider than the depth of thebevels. The cutters will, therefore, project beyond the apex of theangle formed by the bevels, and in order to prevent.

the cutters of one cutter-head striking the cutters of the othercutter-head the cutters of each head are staggered with relation to thecutters of the other head. The positioning of the cutters so that thoseon one head are staggered with relation to those on the other head maybe effected in any suitable manner. In the machine shown, however, theclutch 20, hereinbefore referred to, is provided for this purpose. Bydisconnecting this clutch it will be seen that the line of drivingconnections between the main shaft and the cutter-head 3 is interrupted.If now the main shaft be slightly turned, the cutter-head 3 may be givena greater or less rotation, so as to stagger its cutters with relationto those of the cutter-head 2. After the cutters have been accuratelypositioned the clutch 20, which is of ordinary construction, is slippedback into position and the line of driving connections from the shaft 19to the head 3 is restablished.

The feeding mechanism by which the cntters are advanced during thecutting operation may be of any desired construction. As shown, thesleeve 9 is provided with a rack 30, (see Fig. 6,) and the sleeve l0 isprovided with a similar rack. (Not shown.) Gearwheels 31 are providedwhich engage with these racks, these gearwheels being mounted on shafts32, which are suitably supported in the machine-frame. These shafts 32carry worm'gears 33, which engage with worln's 34E on a worm-shaft 35,the worms and the two trains of gearing being so arranged that as theshaft 35 revolves in one direction the cutters advance toward each otherand the work, and as the movement of the shaft is reversed the cuttersare caused to retreat from each other and the work.

In order to compensate for variations in the height of thecutters, bywhich is meant the distance of the edge of the cutters from thecutter-head, or for other reasons, it is desirable to provide means bywhich the cutters may be adjusted toward and from each other. While thisadjustment of the cutters may be effected in any suitable manner, it ispreferably accomplished through the feeding mechanism, and to this endin the construction shown the Worm-shaft 35 is mounted in a bearing 36,which is carried on a block or plate 37. This plate 37 is secured bybolts 38 to a plate 39, which is suitably secured to the frame of theInachine by bolts or in any other suitable manner. This plate 39 isprovided with slots 40, (see lig. 3 and dotted lines in Fig. 2,) throughwhich the bolts 38 pass. When it is desired to adjust the cutters, theshaft is turned until one of the cutters is brought against the saw. Thenuts on the bolts 38 are then loosened and the shaft again turned. Thesaw will act as a stop for the cutter which rests against it, and theworm-shaft will advance the other cutter and at the same time be movedlengthwise itself, so as to bring the cutter which it is desired toadjust up against the saw. When this has been done, the bolts are againtightened, fixing the cutters in adjusted position. The shaft may thenbe moved to move the cut- IOO ters toward or away from the work in the ymeans of a clutch 43 or by any other suitable means. Preferably,however, these means Vwill be such as to permit the wheel 42 to bedisconnected from the shaft when desired. This gear-wheel 42 is a spiralgear and is engaged by a worm 44 on a Worm-shaft 45, which may be drivenin any suitable manner. As shown, it is provided with pulleys 46, ofvary- .ing diameter, said pulleys being driven by a cross-belt 47 from asimilar set of pulleys 48 on the shaft 23. In the ordinary operation of.the machin ,the cutters will be fed by the power-operated meansdescribed. Frequently, however, in order to bring the sockets ,to theexact gage required it will be necessary to subject the sockets to theaction of the cutters for a very short period, When such anfoperation asthis is to be performed, and sometimes under other circumstances, itwill vbe ldesirable to control the feed of the cutters by means of thehand-wheel 41, before referred to.

Suitable means are preferably provided to 'limit the depth of the cutproduced by each chine when the cutters havereached the desired depth.When the screws strike the machine-frame, .the forward feeding movementof the cutters is interrupted, the belt-driving connection slipping atthis time, so that no unnecessary strain is brought upon the feedingmechanism.

ln addition to the stop just described each of thespindles 6 and 8 isprovided with a pair of hand-nuts 5l, the end of the shaft beingpreferably reduced, as shown, and threaded. Between the inner one ofthese hand-nuts 51 and the frame of the machine are located threecollars 52, 53, and 54, the collar 53 being provided with/balls, asshown, and the collar 52 bearing against the brackets in which thespindles are mounted. With this construction it will be seen that whenthe collars 52 strike the brackets 1l and l2 the further advance of thespindles will be interrupted and the feed operation stopped, thebelt-driving mechanism slipping as before. Any suitable means may beprovidedfor supporting the saws, so that they may be acted upon by thecutters. Inasmuch as the machine which has been selected to illustrate aconcrete embodiment of the invention a is designed for the purpose ofcutting sockets in circular saws, the support will be an axial one, sothat each saw may be turned upon it to bring each socket in position tobe acted upon by Vthe cutters. In the construction in construction.

theopening in the center ofthe saw, the saw being held on the stud bymeans of a nut and Washer 57 or in any other suitable manner.

By varying the position of the stud in the.

groove it will be readily perceived that saws of any desired diametermaybe operated upon.

In order to prevent anyswerving or springl the frame, though theymightbe separate therefrom and secured thereto in any desired manner.Similarly, the-cutter-head 3 passes through a block or plate 60whosevintegral arms 6l serve to secure it to the frame.

In order to rmly hold the saw in position while the cutters areoperating upon it,

suitable clamping devices will be provided. These clamping devices maybe varied widely As shown, however, there is provided a clamping-plate62, (see Figs. 7 l

and 8,) said plate being provided with a re-` cess 63, which correspondsinshapewith the socket in the saw to be operated upon. This plate isprovided on its'under side with a` bearing-rib 64, which surrounds thesocket. i

This plate `62 is locatedrbetween blocks 58 and 60, before referred to,and is supported lin the construction shown by a-pin 65, which ismounted on the block 58,' and enters a socket 66 in the plate 62. tionshown the face of the block 58 is planed 0E perfectly true, and thisblock cooperates ,withv the plate in the clamping operation,

,forming the backing-np block for the plate,

the saw being thus held between the plate and the block.

Any suitable means may be provided to pins 67, which are screwed-intothe plate and which pass through perforations in the block `60, springs68 being provided `between the heads of the pins and the block, as isclearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

In the construc- .IOC j 1 xo force the clamping-plate 62 againstthesaw.As shown, the plate is provided withheaded Lever-blocks 69 are provided,which are fulcrumed on projections i 70 on the frame and are operated-by levers 71, the construction being clearly shown in Fig. 5. When thelevers 7l are operated, it will be seen that the headed pins 67 arethrown inward and will force the rib 64 of the plate 62 firmly againstthe saw in proximity to the edge or rim of the socket, to beoperated-upon by the cutters. To prevent the plate from tipping, it isprovided with a support which,v

as shown, consists of a pair of feet 72, which rest against the saw.Adjustable means are further preferably provided to assist thesupevenlyon saws of different thickness. In the construction shown theseadjustable means consistof screws 73, which pass through the 13o port insetting the plate sothat it mayract f, Y I

block 58 and enter recesses 74 in the plate. By providing adjustablemeans, such as the screws, the operation of the clamping-plate may bevaried according to the thickness of the saw to be operated upon.

While the construction which has been described is an effective one forcarrying out the invention, it is to be understood that the inventionmay be embodied in otherl constructions which differ widely in form. Itis to be further understood that certain features of the invention maybe employed independently of other features, and such independent use iscontemplated. The invention is not, therefore, to be limited to thespecific construction hereinbefore set forth.

What is claimed is- 1. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, thecombination with means for supporting the saw, of a pair ofoppositely-arranged beveling-cutters, one on each side of the saw, meansfor driving the cutters, and means for feeding the cutters toward eachother, substantially as described.

2. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with meansfor supporting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangedbevelingcutters, one on each side of the saw, means for driving thecutters, means for feeding the cutters toward each other, and clampingdevices operating to hold that part of the saw upon which the cuttersoperate, substantially as described.

3. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with meansfor supporting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arranged cutter-heads,one on each side of the saw, a plurality of beveling-cutters mounted ineach head, the cutters of one head being staggered with relation to thecutters in the other head, means for driving the heads, means forfeeding the heads toward each other, and clamping devices operating tohold that part of the saw upon which the cutters operate, substantiallyas described.

4. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with anaxial support for the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangcdbeveling-cutters, one on each side of the saw, means for driving thecutters, means for feeding the cutters toward each other, and clampingdevices operating to hold that part of the saw upon which the cuttersoperate, substantially as described.

5. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withanaxial support for the saw, of a pair of opposit-ely-arrangedVcutter-heads, one on each side of the saw, a

6. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with meansfor supporting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangedbeveling-cutters, one on each side of the saw, means for simultaneouslydriving the cutters, means for simultaneously feeding the cutters towardeach other, and clamping devices operating to hold that part of the sawupon which the cutters operate, substantially as described.

7. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with meansfor sup'- porting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangedbeVeling-cutters, one on each side of the saw, means for simultaneouslydriving the cutters, automatic means for simultaneously feeding thecutters toward each other, andclam ping devices operating to hold thatpart of the saw upon which the cutters operate, substantially asdescribed.

8. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with meansfor supporting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangedbeveling-cutters, one on each side of the saw, means forsim ultaneouslydriving the cutters, hand-operated means for simultaneously feeding thecutters toward each other, and clamping devices operating to hold thatpart of the saw upon which the cutters operate, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with meansfor supporting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangedbeveling-cutters, one on each side of the saw, means for simultaneouslydriving the cutters, hand-operated and automatic means forsimultaneously feeding the cutters toward eachother, and clampingdevices operating to hold that part of the saw upon which the cuttersoperate, substantially as described.

l0. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withmeans for supporting the saw, of a pair of oppositely-ar rangedcutter-heads, one on each side ot' the saw, a plurality ofbeveling-cutters mounted in each head, means for driving thecutterheads, means for simultaneously feeding the cutter-heads towardeach other, meansfor adjusting the position of the cutter'heads withrelation to each other, and clampingr devices operating to hold thatpart of the saw upon which the cutters operate, substantially asdescribed.

Il. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withmeans for supporting the saw, ot' a pair of cutter-heads, one on eachside ot' the saw, means for driving the cutter-heads, means forsimultaneously feeding the cutter-heads, means whereby the feeding meansmay be caused to adjust the position ot' the cutter-heads with relationto each other, and clamping devices operating to hold that part of' thesaw upon which the cutters operate, substantially as described.

l2. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withmeans for axially IIO supporting the saw, ofa pair of-"cutter-heads oneon eachvside of the saw, means for driving the cutter-heads,k afeed-shaft, operating connections between the feed-shaft and thecutter-heads, and means for shifting the position of the shaft in orderto adjustthe cutter-heads with relation to each other, and

clamping devices operating to hold that part of the saw upon whichthecutters operate, substantially as described.

13. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the. combination withmeans for supporting the saw,of a pair of oppositely-arrangedcutter-heads one on each side of the saw, a plurality ofbeveling-cutters mounted in each head, means for driving thecutterheads, a feed-shaft, gearing between said shaft and each .of thecutter-heads, automatic' 'and hand-operatedmeans for actuating theshaft, and clamping devices operating to hold that part of the saw uponwhich the cutters operate, substantially as described.

14. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withmeans for supporting the saw, of a pair of cutter-heads one on each sideof the saw, means for driving the cutter-heads, a feed-shaft, alongitudinally-adjustable bearing in which said shaft each of thecutter-heads, automatic and hand-v operated means for actuating theshaft, and

a, clamping devices operating to hold that part of the saw upon whichthe cutters operate, A,

substantially as described.

16. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with asaw-support, of a pair of oppositely-arranged cutter-heads, one on eachside of the saw, a plurality of beveling-cutters mounted in each head,spindles on which thecutter-heads are mounted, a sleeve on each spindle,means for driving the spindles, a feed-shaft, worms on said shaft,gearing between the worms and the sleeves on the spindles, and clam pingdevices operating to hold that part of the saw upon which the cuttersoperate, substantially as described.

17. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withasaw-support, of a pair of cutter-heads, one on each side of the saw,spindles on which the cutter-heads are mounted, a sleeve on eachspindle, means for driving the spindles, a feed-shaft,`alongitudinally-adj usta'ble bearing in which said shaft is mounted,worms on `said shaft, gearing between the vworms and the sleevesl on thespinl dles, and clamping devices` operating' to hold that part of thesaw upon which the cutters .means, of a pair of cutter-heads, aplurality of cutters mountedin each head, a drivingshaft, connectionsfrom said driving-shaft to each cutter-head, and `'means fordisconnecting the driving connections ofone cutter- ,head in order/tobring the-cutters ontlie two heads.V into` staggered relation,substantially as described, Y n

Y 19. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withsaw-supporting means, of a pair of cutters-heads, a plurality of cuttersmounted in each head, a drivingshaft, connections from the driving-shaftto one cutter-head, and connections including a clutch from thedriving-shaft to theother cutter-head,whereby the driving connections ofone cutter-head may be interrupted in order .to bring the cutters on thecutter-heads into staggered relation, substantially as described. n t

20. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, ,the combinationlwith anadjustable axial support for the saw, of a pair of oppositely-arrangedbeveling-cutters one on each side of the saw, means for driving thecutters, means for feeding thegcutters towardV each other, and clampingdevices operating to hold that part of the saw upon which the cuttersoperate, substantially as described.

21.V In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with anarm, of an axial support for the sawV mounted on said arrn andadjustable with relationy thereto, a pair of oppositely-arrangedbeveling-cutters one on each side of the saw, means for driving thecutters, and means for feeding the cutters toward each other,substantially as described. l 22. In a machine for beveling sockets insaws, the combination with means for snpporting the saw, of a pair ofoppositely-arranged cutter-heads, one onveach side of the saw, apluralityof beveling-cutters mounted in each head, means for driving thecutterheads, means for feeding the heads toward each other, a perforatedblock operating as a guide'for one cu ttor-head, a perforated blockoperating as alguide for the other head, .a recessed platelocatedbetween the blocks,

andmeans for forcing the plate againstl one saws,the combination withmeans for sup'- porting the saw, of a'pair of cutter-heads, .one

IOO

ICs

IIO

on each side of the saw, a perforated. block operating as a guide forone cutter-head, a

perforated block operating as a guide for theother head, a plate havinga recess corresponding in shape to the socket to be beveled, said platehaving a bearing-rib surrounding its recess, and means for forcing theplate against one of the blocks to clamp the saw, substantially asdescribed.

24. In a machine for` beveling sockets in saws, the combination with ablock, of a plate having a recess corresponding in shape to the socketsin the saw, a bearing-rib surrounding the recess, a support between theplate and the saw, and an adjustable support between the block and theplate, substantially as described.

25. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with ablock, of a plate having a recess corresponding in shape to the socketsin the saw, a bearing-rib surrounding the recess, a support between theplate andA the saw, and an adjustable support between the block and theplate, said support comprisinga plurality of screws tapped into theblock and bearing against the plate, substantially as described.

26. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with anadjustable axial support for the saw, of apair of cutterheads one oneach side of the saw, cutters in said heads, the cutters in one head being staggered with relation to the cutters in the other head, adriving-shaft, connections between said shaft and each of thecutter-heads, a feedshaft, operating connections between said feed-shaftand the cutter-heads, a pair of blocks serving to guide and support saidheads, a clamping-plate located between the blocks, and means forforcing the clampingplate against one of the blocks, substantially asdescribed.

27. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination with anadjustable axial support for the saw, of a pair of cutterheads one oneach side of the saw, cutters in said heads, the cutters in one headbeing staggered with relation to the cutters in the other head, adriving-shaft, connections between said shaft and each of thecutter-heads, a feed-shaft, automatic and hand-operated means foractuating the feed-shaft, operating connections between said feed-shaftand the cutter-heads, a pair of blocks serving to guide and support saidheads, a clampingplate located between the blocks, and means for forcingthe clamping-plate against one of the blocks, substantially asdescribed.

28. In a machine for bevelng sockets in saws, the combination with anadjustable axial support for the saw, of a pair of cutterheads one oneach side of the saw, cutters in said heads, the cutters in one headbeing staggered with relation to the cutters in the other head, adriving-shaft, connections between said shaft and each of thecutter-heads, a feed-shaft, a longitudinallyadjustable bearing for thefeed-shaft, automatic and hand-operated means for actuating saidfeedshaft, operating connections between said feed-shaft and thecutter-heads, a pair of blocks serving to guide and support said heads,a clamping-plate located between theblocks, and means for forcing theclampingplate against one of the blocks, substantially as described.

29. In a machine for beveling sockets in saws, the combination withadjustable means for axially supporting the saw, of a pair ofcutter-heads, one on each side of the saw., a driving-shaft, drivingconnections-between one of said cutter-heads and the shaft, drivingconnections between the other cutterhead and the shaft, said connectionsincluding a clutch, a feed-shaft, a longitudinallyadjustable bearing forthe feed-shaft, opel'- ating connections between said feed-shaft and thecutter-heads, a pair of blocks serving to guide and support-said heads,aclamping-plate located between the blocks, and means for forcing theclamping-plate against one of the blocks, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

AMANDUS H. CRUSE.

Witnesses:

F. W. I-I. CRANE, W. F. MORGAN.

